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NAFTA and the Preliminary U.S.-Mexico Agreement
This report outlines the key provisions of the agreement between the U.S. and Mexico that is set to replace the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).
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China's Engagement with Latin America and the Caribbean
This report discusses the bilateral partnership agreements the People's Republic of China (PRC) has signed with multiple countries in the Latin American and Caribbean region, including "strategic...
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Reserve Component Personnel Issues: Questions and Answers
This report is designed to provide an overview of key reserve component personnel issues. The term "Reserve Component" refers collectively to the seven individual reserve components of the Armed...
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Social Media Adoption by Members of Congress: Trends and Congressional...
This report examines Member adoption of social media platforms outside of Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube, such as Instagram, Flickr, and Google+, which have each been adopted by at least 2.5% of...
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Electric Grid Cybersecurity
This report discusses the current state of electric grid cybersecurity, and the interconnected dependency of critical infrastructure with regard to electric sector reliability. It includes discussions...
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EPA Proposes the Affordable Clean Energy Rule to Replace the Clean Power Plan
This report explores the legal basis for the proposed Affordable Clean Energy (ACE) Rule and discusses the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) authority to consider various emission...
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Mexico: Background and U.S. Relations
This report provides an overview of political and economic conditions in Mexico, followed by assessments of selected issues of congressional interest in Mexico: security and foreign aid, extraditions,...
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Agriculture in the WTO: Rules and Limits on U.S. Domestic Support
This report provides a brief overview of the World Trade Organization (WTO) commitments that are most relevant for U.S. domestic farm policy. It includes a discussion regarding how WTO commitments may...
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Intellectual Property Law: A Brief Introduction
This report provides a brief overview of each form of federal intellectual property (IP) protection, including patent law, copyright law, and trademarks.
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Iran's Foreign and Defense Policies
This report discusses Iran's foreign and defense policy and the reasoning behind it, as well as U.S. concerns regarding their power and nuclear weapon capability.
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Immigration: Frequently Asked Questions about "Public Charge"
This report provides answers to frequently-asked questions about current public charge policy, including the sources of laws that govern public charge determinations, who is subject to determinations,...
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Drinking Water State Revolving Fund (DWSRF): Overview, Issues, and Legislation
This report discusses the Drinking Water State Revolving Fund (DWSRF) which is administered by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and assists communities in building or restoring public...
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The Peace Corps: Current Issues
This report discuses the Peace Corps functions and funding as well as current issues, including: the available funding for Peace Corps expansion, whether volunteers are able to function in a safe and...
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Jordan: Background and U.S. Relations
This report provides an overview of Jordanian politics and current issues in U.S.-Jordanian relations. It provides a brief discussion of Jordan's government and economy and of its cooperation with U.S....
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Lebanon
This report provides an overview of Lebanon and current issues of U.S. interest. It provides background information, analyzes recent developments and key policy debates, and tracks legislation, U.S....
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Multiyear Procurement (MYP) and Block Buy Contracting in Defense Acquisition:...
This report provides background information and issues for Congress on multiyear procurement (MYP) and block buy contracting (BBC), which are special contracting mechanisms that Congress permits the...
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Cyprus: Reunification Proving Elusive
This report provides a brief overview of the history of the negotiations regarding reunification of the island of Cyprus and a description of some of the issues involved in those talks.
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Farm Bills: Major Legislative Actions, 1965-2018
This report examines the major legislative milestones for the last 11 farm bills covering 53 years and illustrates trends that may provide useful background and context as the current farm bill debate...
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Comparing DHS Component Funding, FY2019: In Brief
This report reviews the budget authority provided to Department of Homeland Security (DHS) for FY2018, requested by the Trump Administration for FY2019, as well as the funding levels proposed in Senate...
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Joint Light Tactical Vehicle (JLTV): Background and Issues for Congress
This report discusses the Joint Light Tactical Vehicle (JLTV) which is a newly-developed vehicle for the Army and Marine Corps. The major potential issues for Congress include whether an increase in...
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Federal Civil Aviation Programs: In Brief
This report discusses the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) programs including organizational structures, updates on activities and reforms, funding sources, and other relevant information.
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The Army's Armored Multi-Purpose Vehicle (AMPV): Background and Issues for...
This report discusses the Army's Armored Multi-Purpose Vehicle (AMPV) program and outlines its basic functions, procurement plans, and funding requests for FY2019.
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Internships in Congressional Offices: Frequently Asked Questions
This report addresses frequently-asked questions (FAQs) about congressional interns and internships. It is intended to provide information about the role of interns and to provide a summary of some of...
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Federal Research and Development (R&D) Funding: Fiscal Year 2019
This report begins with a discussion of the overall level of President Trump's FY2019 R&D request, followed by analyses of the R&D funding request from a variety of perspectives and for...
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Disaster Unemployment Assistance (DUA)
This report describes the Disaster Unemployment Assistance (DUA) benefits, which are available only to those individuals who have become unemployed as a direct result of a declared major disaster and...
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Global Trends in Democracy: Background, U.S. Policy, and Issues for Congress
This report for Congress outlines and synthesizes information, analysis, and a variety of perspectives on issues regarding democracy around the world. In particular, it provides brief conceptual...
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SBA Veterans Assistance Programs: An Analysis of Contemporary Issues
This report provides an overview of U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA) programs to provide training and other assistants to veterans seeking civilian employment. It includes sections discussing...
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Membership of the 115th Congress: A Profile
This report presents a profile of the membership of the 115th Congress (2017-2018) as of October 1, 2018. Statistical information is included on selected characteristics of Members, including data on...
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Hurricane Florence: Brief Overview of FEMA Programs and Resources
This report provides a brief overview of emergency and major disaster declarations relevant to Hurricane Florence, and selected federal resources and links to CRS products related to emergency and...
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Temporary Protected Status: Overview and Current Issues
This report describes Temporary Protected Status (TPS) in the context of humanitarian responses to migration and also briefly describes one alternative -- Deferred Enforced Departure (DED) -- including...
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The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act's (ACA's) Risk Adjustment...
This report provides responses to some frequently-asked questions (FAQs) about the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) risk adjustment program. It includes background on the health...
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VA Housing: Guaranteed Loans, Direct Loans, and Specially Adapted Housing Grants
This report discusses three types of housing assistance--the loan guaranty program, direct loan programs, and Specially Adapted Housing program-- includingg their origins, how they operate, and how...
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Latin America and the Caribbean: Issues in the 115th Congress
This report examines the political and economic environment in Latin America and the Caribbean and U.S. policy toward the region in the 115th Congress, highlighting congressional interest and...
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Protecting Consumers and Businesses from Fraudulent Robocalls
This report discusses efforts by Congress and the Federal Communications Commision (FCC) to combat robocall scams and prevent them from reaching consumers. It includes an overview of what robocalls...
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Navy Force Structure and Shipbuilding Plans: Background and Issues for Congress
This report presents background information and issues for Congress concerning the Navy's force structure and shipbuilding plans. The current and planned size and composition of the Navy, the rate of...
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Proposed U.S.-Mexico-Canada (USMCA) Trade Agreement
This report discusses the U.S.-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA), which is to replace the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). Topics include market access, dispute settlement, intellectual...
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Postelection Issues in Bosnia and Herzegovina
This report discusses the political structure, presidency, legislative elections of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and the role of the Unites States.
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21st Century U.S. Energy Sources: A Primer
This report provides an overview of U.S. energy issues, and suggests related information, data, and CRS contacts. It is mainly organized around the major fuels and energy sources: resources on federal...
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The Posse Comitatus Act and Related Matters: The Use of the Military to...
This report provides an historical analysis of the use of the Armed Forces to execute domestic law and of the Posse Comitatus Act, including their apparent theoretical and constitutional underpinnings....
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Statutory Canon Aimed at International Organization Immunity
This report discusses the upcoming Supreme Court case Jam v. International Finance Corp. The petitioners--a group of Indian nationals from Gujarat--seek to hold International Finance Corp. (IFC) liable...
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Agricultural Provisions of the U.S.-Mexico-Canada Agreement
This report discusses the agricultural provisions of the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA), which replaces the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).
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Deference and its Discontents: Will the Supreme Court Overrule Chevron?
The Chevron deference is a seminal administrative law doctrine established by the Court's opinion in the 1984 case of Chevron U.S.A., Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc. As several members...
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Navy DDG-51 and DDG-1000 Destroyer Programs: Background and Issues for Congress
This report presents background information and potential oversight issues for Congress on the Navy's Arleigh Burke (DDG-51) and Zumwalt (DDG-1000) class destroyer programs. The Navy's proposed FY2019...
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Asylum and Related Protections for Aliens Who Fear Gang and Domestic Violence
This report examines asylum claims with specific focus on gang and domestic violence. It provides background on the topic and also outlines the U.S. Attorney General's decision in "Matter of A-B-," as...
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Navy Ford (CVN-78) Class Aircraft Carrier Program: Background and Issues for...
This report provides background information and potential oversight issues for Congress on the Gerald R. Ford (CVN-78) class aircraft carrier program. The Navy's proposed FY2019 budget requests a total...
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Electronic Filing of Senate Campaign Finance Reports
This report discusses recent changes in campaign finance reporting requirements for Senate candidates.
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Honduras: Background and U.S. Relations
This report analyzes political, economic, and security conditions in Honduras. It also examines issues in U.S.-Honduran relations that have been of particular interest to Congress, including foreign...
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House Committee Funding: Description of Process and Analysis of Disbursements
This report discusses the funding process for House committees. It is organized in three sections: [1] an overview of the committee funding process in the House and analyzes funding levels since 1996;...
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U.S. Special Operations Forces (SOF): Background and Issues for Congress
This report discusses Special Operations Forces (SOF), which play a significant role in U.S. military operations and, in recent years, have been given greater responsibility for planning and conducting...
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The Geospatial Data Act of 2018
This report provides a summary and analysis of each section of the Geospatial Data Act of 2018 (GDA). It also discusses possible implications of the new law and issues for Congress.
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